The full guide
What is the social security number?
The número de la Seguridad Social (NUSS, also called NAF) is your personal number in Spain’s social security system. It records your contributions, gives you access to public healthcare once you’re contributing, and counts towards your future pension. It’s free and stays the same for life.
It’s different from your NIE. The NIE identifies you as a foreigner; the NUSS identifies you in the social security system. You usually need the NIE first.
Who needs one?
Anyone starting a job in Spain, registering as autónomo, or joining Spanish social security as a digital nomad. Students and people on the non-lucrative visa don’t need one unless they start working legally.
Three ways to apply
| Route | What you need | Speed |
|---|---|---|
| Online with Cl@ve or certificate | Cl@ve PIN, Cl@ve Permanente or a digital certificate | Immediate |
| Online without certificate | Form TA.1, copy of ID, photo and an email address | A few days |
| In person | Form TA.1 and ID at a social security (TGSS) office, with an appointment | Same day or a few days |
Your employer can also request the number for you when they register you to start work.
Documents checklist
| Document | Notes |
|---|---|
| Form TA.1 | Only if you don’t apply with Cl@ve or a certificate |
| Passport | Copy of the photo page |
| NIE certificate or TIE | Copy, front and back for the TIE |
| Photo | Recent passport-style photo |
| Email address | Where you’ll receive notifications |
Common mistakes
Applying twice. If you’ve worked in Spain before, you already have a number. Ask for your accreditation instead.
Waiting until your first day. Get the number before you start so your employer can register you on time.
Confusing the NUSS with a health card. The number gives you rights. You still need to request your health card separately. See getting your tarjeta sanitaria.
Frequently asked questions
Does it cost anything?
No. It’s a free procedure.
Can I get it before I have a job?
Generally yes, as long as you have a valid NIE or TIE. Some offices ask why you need it, so bring a job offer if you have one.
What is Cl@ve and how do I get it?
Cl@ve is the government’s online login. Registering is free and lets you do most online procedures. See setting up Cl@ve.
